Day 1 of the Isaac Centre for Public Policy’s Annual Growth Conference brought together India’s top economic minds to chart the course toward long-term development goals, with a focus on fiscal frameworks, employment, and governance.
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Viksit Bharat by 2047 is a realisable ambition, says Dr. Arvind Panagariya, Chairman of the 16th Finance Commission at Isaac Centre’s Growth Forum
The Isaac Centre for Public Policy (ICPP) at Ashoka University launched its first-ever Annual Growth Conference on May 2, 2025, in New Delhi. The conference, hosted at the Taj Mahal Hotel, brought together an influential group of economists, finance officials, legal experts, and public policy leaders. It aimed to tackle India’s medium-term growth challenges while offering tangible policy directions in the areas of macro-finance, regulation, employment, and agriculture.
Turning to India, Mishra pointed out that while reforms have continued steadily over the past decade, key areas such as manufacturing, private investment, and fiscal consolidation are still struggling to gain momentum. She described the current situation as a cyclical slowdown, despite long-term structural changes.
Dr. Panagariya, a respected economist and former Vice Chairman of NITI Aayog, provided an overview of India’s recent growth performance. He noted that although the COVID-19 pandemic triggered a historic contraction of -5.6 percent, the Indian economy demonstrated a strong rebound. Growth reached 9.7 percent in 2021–22, followed by 7.6 percent in 2022–23. The provisional estimate for 2023–24 stands at 9.2 percent, while the advance figure for 2024–25 is projected at 6.4 percent.
He also addressed India’s aspirational goal of becoming a developed nation by 2047 — a vision termed Viksit Bharat, set to coincide with the centenary of independence. Dr. Panagariya explained that reaching developed status would require India to raise its per capita income to around $14,000. To get there, the country would need to sustain a 7.3 percent annual growth rate in per capita terms for the next 24 years.
The session also turned to fiscal federalism and inter-state disparities. Dr. Panagariya pointed to Bihar as a case study in slow growth, noting that while the state has seen some positive trends in recent years, it continues to lag behind more industrialised regions such as Karnataka. He emphasised the importance of fiscal transfers and encouraged renewed focus on private investment and targeted infrastructure for high-impact areas.
Justice V. Ramasubramanian, former Judge of the Supreme Court of India, spoke in the second panel focused on regulation. He discussed the changing role of judicial interpretation in policy formulation and enforcement. “We live in an era where content is abundant, but comprehension is fading,” he said. “As a society, we must move from passive reading to critical thinking.”
Day 1 concluded with a reaffirmation of ICPP’s mission. Established through a grant from the Ajit Isaac Foundation, founded by Ajit Isaac and Sarah Isaac, the Isaac Centre is focused on collaborative public policy work. Its ambition is to act as a bridge between researchers, practitioners, and policymakers.